Lycurgus compiled the scattered fragments of Homer and made sure that the lessons of statecraft and morality in Homer's epics became widely known. Lycurgus had already decided that some fundamental changes would have to be made in Sparta. [b] They never went through what happened in nearby Messene and Argos, where the kings held on so tight to every last bit of power that in the end, they would end up losing it all. Nach heutigem Forschungsstand ist er wahrscheinlich keine historische, sondern eine mythische Person. It was believed by some that Lycurgus was alive around the same time as Iphitos of Elis and reinstated the Olympic games with him in 776 BC. ), traditionally, the lawgiver who founded most of the institutions of ancient Sparta. Lycurgus forbade the Great Rhetra from being written down. Lycurgus (/ l aɪ ˈ k ɜːr ɡ ə s /; Greek: Λυκοῦργος, Lykoȗrgos, Ancient: [lykûːrɡos], Modern: [liˈkurɣos]; fl. He is referred to by ancient historians and philosophers Herodotus, Xenophon, Plato, Polybius, Plutarch, and Epictetus. When his father and older brother died, Lycurgus stood to … He gave him his kingship. However, this could have been another man named Lycurgus who lived before the legislator. Die juristischen, sozialen und politischen Einrichtungen, die mit dieser Reform verbunden waren, schrieb man Lykurg zu (Lykurgische Reformen). However, before leaving for Delphi he called an assembly of the people of Sparta and made everyone, including the kings and Gerousia, take an oath binding them to observe his laws until he returned. To the end, therefore, that he might expel from the state arrogance and envy, luxury and crime, and those yet more inveterate diseases of want and superfluity, he obtained of them to renounce their properties, and to consent to a new division of the land, and that they should all live together on an equal footing; merit to be their only road to eminence... To support this new land division, Lycurgus was said to have divided the country of Laconia into 30,000 equal shares, and the part attached to the city of Sparta in particular into 9,000; all shares were distributed among the Spartans. Of particular importance to him were laws that inspired financial frugality, citizen equality and a strong military. [4]Plutarch describes the institution as consisting of companies ("syssitia," or "eating-together" groups) of about fifteen men, eac… When he returned, he did not merely tinker with the laws, but instead followed the example of the wisest ephors to implement incremental change. Instead of having rules simply written down for people to follow, he wanted his laws to be ingrained into the Spartans as a part of their character, forming a greater bond with them. [20], The Cretan constitution was said to have influenced that of Lycurgus for Sparta.[21]. Lycurgus established harmony, simplicity, and strength in Sparta. Lycurgus, (flourished 7th century bc ? Wikisource: Friedrich Schiller: Die Gesetzgebung des Lykurgus und Solon, https://de.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Lykurg_(Sparta)&oldid=180035992, „Creative Commons Attribution/Share Alike“. Lo Spartan Home offre una terrazza e sistemazioni climatizzate con patio e connessione WiFi gratuita. One explanation was that being satisfied by this he starved himself to death instead of returning home, forcing the citizens of Sparta by oath to keep his laws indefinitely. Scholars have been unable to determine conclusively whether Lycurgus was a historical person and, if he did exist, which institutions should be attributed to him. c. 820 BC) was the quasi-legendary lawgiver of Sparta who established the military-oriented reformation of Spartan society in accordance with the Oracle of Apollo at Delphi. /laɪˈkɜgəs/ (say luy kerguhs) noun fl. Along with this strict obedience, boys were taught to keep a level head and how to win battles. He made the journey to Delphi and consulted the oracle, which told him that his laws were excellent and would make his people famous. Auf diese Weise wollte er die Spartaner zwingen, für ewig diese Gesetze beizubehalten. The other boys would be instructed, as well as punished, by their captains to teach them about obedience and to toughen them physically and mentally. Perhaps most famously, he is credited with the basic Spartan institution of the sussita/syssitia, the practice that required all Spartan men to eat together in common messhalls. [6], He had women partake in physical activity so that infants could be born from strong bodies and that they could endure childbirth comfortably. Lycurgus had already decided that some fundamental changes would have to be made in Sparta. [9] Traveling after that to Asia Minor, homeland of the Ionian Greeks, he found it instructive to compare the refined and luxurious lifestyle of the Ionians with the stern and disciplined culture of the Dorians. Architect of the Capitol Archived 2006-10-26 at the, "Courtroom Friezes: North and South Walls: Information Sheet" Supreme Court of the United States, Samuel Sterns (Marvel Cinematic Universe), List of English translations from medieval sources, Kraglin Obfonteri (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Flash Thompson (Marvel Cinematic Universe), Supreme Intelligence (Marvel Cinematic Universe), United States House Armed Services Subcommittee on Cyber, Innovative Technologies and Information Systems. When Lycurgus asked to advise him the best laws, Pythia replied that it is better that its laws will not have any state. Lycurgus Changes Sparta's Social Organization . He believed that the only way to make Sparta stable, free, and strong was to start over. Among other slanders, they accused Lycurgus of plotting the death of Charilaus. At first, Charilaus thought they meant to kill him, and he ran for sanctuary in a temple, but eventually he joined the conspirators when he found out that all they wanted was to make sure there would be no opposition to the reforms Lycurgus had in mind. [6], Lycurgus bans continuous warfare against the same opponents to prevent them from adapting to Spartan military tactics and gaining an advantage over them. Der Mythos Lykurg wurde vermutlich geschaffen, um die Einzigartigkeit der spartanischen Verfassung zu erklären. With the addition of the Gerousia, which resisted both extremes, the government became stable and the people and their rulers respected each other. Lycurgus is credited with the formation of many Spartan institutions integral to the country's rise to power, but more importantly its maintenance of a very idiosyncratic form of government and way of life. This encumbering currency also rid Sparta of every crime in which the theft of hard currency was the objective.[6]. 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